Basic drinking water requirements are that it must be safe in epidemic and radiation terms, clean (harmless) according to its chemical composition, and have favorable organoleptic properties.
Drinking water quality should comply with sanitary-hygienic standards before it enters a distribution network as well as in water draw-off points of the external and internal water-supply network.
Drinking water safety in terms of chemical composition is determined according to its compliance with the following standards:
Drinking water safety in epidemic terms is determined according to its compliance with the standards for microbiologic and parasitologic measures.
Kindly organoleptic properties of water are determined according to its compliance with relevant standards as well as standards for the content of the substances that have impact on the organoleptic properties of water.
Presence of visible-to-the-naked-eye aquatic organisms and surface film in drinking water is not acceptable.
Radiation safety of drinking water is determined according to its compliance with the standards for overall Sa and Sb intensity indicators or standards for the content of particular radioactive nuclides in accordance with the Radiation Safety Standards NRB-99 (НРБ-99).
Measures |
Sanitary regulations and standards SanPiN (СанПиН) 2.1.4.1074-01 |
WHO |
USEPA |
ЕС |
|||
Unit |
Established standards (maximum allowable concentration), no more than |
Nuisance value |
Class of hazard |
||||
Composite indices |
|||||||
Hydrogen ion exponent |
рН |
in the range of |
- |
- |
- |
6,5–8,5 |
6,5–8,5 |
Total dissolved solids (solid residue) |
mg/l |
1000 (1500) |
- |
- |
1000 |
500 |
1500 |
Total hardness |
mg-eq/l |
7,0 (10) |
- |
- |
- |
- |
1,2 |
Permanganate oxygen consumed |
mg/l |
5,0 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
5,0 |
Petrochemicals, cumulatively |
mg/l |
0,1 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Surface-active agents, anionic |
mg/l |
0,5 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Phenol index |
mg/l |
0,25 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Alkalinity |
mg НСО3– /l |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
30 |
Inorganic substances |
|||||||
Aluminum (Аl3+) |
mg/l |
0,5 |
S&T |
2 |
0,2 |
0,2 |
0,2 |
Ammonium nitrogen |
mg/l |
2,0 |
S&T |
3 |
1,5 |
- |
0,5 |
Asbestos |
million fibers/l |
- |
- |
- |
- |
7,0 |
- |
Barium (Ва2+) |
mg/l |
0,1 |
S&T |
2 |
0,7 |
2,0 |
0,1 |
Beryllium (Ве2+) |
mg/l |
0,0002 |
S&T |
1 |
- |
0,004 |
- |
Boron (В, cumulatively) |
mg/l |
0,5 |
S&T |
2 |
0,3 |
- |
1,0 |
Vanadium (V) |
mg/l |
0,1 |
S&T |
3 |
0,1 |
- |
- |
Bismuth (Bi) |
mg/l |
0,1 |
S&T |
2 |
0,1 |
– |
– |
Iron (Fе, cumulatively) |
mg/l |
0,3 (1,0) |
Org. |
3 |
0,3 |
0,3 |
0,2 |
Cadmium (Сd, cumulatively) |
mg/l |
0,001 |
S&T |
2 |
0,003 |
0,005 |
0,005 |
Potassium (К+) |
mg/l |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
12,0 |
Calcium (Ca2+) |
mg/l |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
100,0 |
Cobalt (Co) |
mg/l |
0,1 |
S&T |
2 |
- |
- |
- |
Silicon (Si) |
mg/l |
10,0 |
S&T |
2 |
- |
- |
- |
Magnesium (Mg2+) |
mg/l |
- |
S&T |
- |
- |
- |
50,0 |
Manganese (Мn, cumulatively) |
mg/l |
0,1 (0,5) |
Org. |
3 |
0,5 (0,1) |
0,05 |
0,05 |
Copper (Сu, cumulatively) |
mg/l |
1,0 |
Org. |
3 |
2,0 (1,0) |
1,0–1,3 |
2,0 |
Molybdenum (Мо, cumulatively) |
mg/l |
0,25 |
S&T |
2 |
0,07 |
- |
- |
Arsenic (Аs, cumulatively) |
mg/l |
0,05 |
S&T |
2 |
0,01 |
0,05 |
0,01 |
Nickel (Ni, cumulatively) |
mg/l |
0,1 |
S&T |
3 |
- |
- |
- |
Nitrates (by NO3) |
mg/l |
45 |
S&T |
3 |
50,0 |
44,0 |
50,0 |
Nitrites (by NO2) |
mg/l |
3,0 |
2 |
3,0 |
3,5 |
0,5 |
|
Mercury (Нg, cumulatively) |
mg/l |
0,0005 |
с.-т |
1 |
0,001 |
0,002 |
0,001 |
Lead (Рb, cumulatively) |
mg/l |
0,03 |
S&T |
2 |
0,01 |
0,015 |
0,01 |
Selenium (Sе, cumulatively) |
mg/l |
0,01 |
S&T |
2 |
0,01 |
0,05 |
0,01 |
Silver (Ag+) |
mg/l |
0,05 |
2 |
- |
0,1 |
0,01 |
|
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) |
mg/l |
0,03 |
Org. |
4 |
0,05 |
- |
- |
Strontium (Sr2+) |
mg/l |
7,0 |
Org. |
2 |
- |
- |
- |
Sulfates (SO42–) |
mg/l |
500 |
Org. |
4 |
250,0 |
250,0 |
250,0 |
Fluorides (F), for climatic areas I and II |
mg/l |
1,5 |
S&T |
2 |
1,5 |
2,0–4,0 |
1,5 |
for climatic area III |
mg/l |
1,2 |
S&T |
2 |
|||
Chlorides (Сl–) |
mg/l |
350 |
Org. |
4 |
250,0 |
250,0 |
250,0 |
Chromium (Сr3+) |
mg/l |
0,5 |
S&T |
3 |
- |
0,1 (всего) |
- |
Chromium (Сr6+) |
mg/l |
0,05 |
S&T |
3 |
0,05 |
0,05 |
|
Cyanides (СN–) |
mg/l |
0,035 |
S&T |
2 |
0,07 |
0,2 |
0,05 |
Zinc (Zn2+) |
mg/l |
5,0 |
Org. |
3 |
3,0 |
5,0 |
5,0 |
S&T – sanitary and toxicological
Org. – organoleptic
The value in brackets in all the tables can be set on the instruction of the Chief Public Health Officer.